al-Tijani ibn Baba al-Alawi al-Shinqiti

Sidi Tijani Ibn Baba Alaoui Chenguiti ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun malamai da marubutan adabi masu alaƙa da al’adar Tijaniyya a Mauritaniya a ƙarni na goma sha tara. Ya haɗa siffofin malami, mawaƙi, matafiyi da almajiri na ruhaniya, kuma ya bar gādo mai ɗorewa duk da gajeriyar rayuwarsa.

Ya fito daga gida mai daraja wanda aka san shi da ilimi, tsoron Allah da asali mai girma. Mahaifinsa, Sidi Bab ben Ahmed Bib, ya kasance fitaccen malami a zamaninsa, yayin da mahaifiyarsa, Khadija bint Muhammad ibn al-Mukhtar ibn Uthman al-Alawiyya, ta shahara da ibada, ilimi da tsananin riƙon hanyar Tijaniyya.

An haife shi a kusan shekara ta 1819 miladiyya / 1234 bayan Hijira, ya kuma taso a cikin muhalli mai zurfin ilimi, inda ya sami karatunsa na farko a hannun mahaifinsa da wasu manyan malaman yankinsa. Da sauri ya yi suna saboda baiwar adabi da kuma alamar basira ta ilimi.

A shekara ta 1841, ya yi tafiya zuwa Maroko da niyyar ci gaba zuwa Ƙasashe Masu Tsarki. Wannan tafiya ta zama babban juyin juya hali a rayuwarsa ta ilimi da ruhaniya. Bayan ya bi ta Marrakech, El Jadida da Tangier, ya zauna a Meknes, inda ya haɗu da wasu manyan malaman Tijaniyya, musamman Sidi Mohamed Larbi ben Sayeh, wanda ya kulla ƙaƙƙarfan alaƙa ta ruhaniya da ilimi da shi.

Ya shiga hanyar Tijaniyya tun yana ƙarami, kafin ya kai shekara goma sha huɗu, sannan daga baya ya haɗu da manyan mashayakhanta da dama a Mauritaniya, Maroko, Aljeriya da Tunisiya. Daga cikin manyan mutanen da ya haɗu da su akwai Sidi Mawloud Fall al-Ya‘qoubi, Sidi Mohamed Akensous, Sidi Mohamed Belkacem Basri, kuma musamman khalifa Sidi El Hadj Ali Tamasini, wanda yake girmamawa da ƙauna ƙwarai.

Ya kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen isar da muhimman izinin ruhaniya daga manyan jagororin Tijaniyya zuwa ga malamai a Maroko, abin da ke nuna irin amincewar da shugabannin ɗarikar suka yi masa.

Sidi Tijani Ibn Baba ya kuma kasance marubuci da mawaƙi. Daga cikin fitattun ayyukansa akwai:

• Munyat al-Murid• wata waƙa ta koyarwa game da matan Annabi, ‘ya’yansa mata da zuriyarsa• sigar nazmi ta al-Waraqat• wani littafin tafiya da ya bayyana malamansa, mutanen da ya haɗu da su da kuma tafiyoyinsa zuwa Hijaz da Maghrib

Bayan rasuwar Sidi El Hadj Ali Tamasini a shekara ta 1844, ya koma Tunisiya, daga baya kuma zuwa Madina, inda ya zauna kusan shekara guda.

Ya rasu a shekara ta 1263 bayan Hijira a Madina, sakamakon annobar sankarau irin smallpox da ta bazu a lokacin, kuma an binne shi a maqabartar al-Baqi‘. Yana da kusan shekara 29 kacal.

Duk da gajeriyar rayuwarsa, Sidi Ibn Baba Alaoui Chenguiti ya ci gaba da kasancewa muhimmin mutum a tarihin ilimi da ruhaniya na Tijaniyya, ana tuna shi saboda haɗa ilimi, adabi, tsoron Allah da neman ilimin alfarma.