al-Ṭayyib ibn Aḥmad al-Sufyānī

Tarihin Rayuwa

Sidi Tayeb Soufiani, wanda cikakken sunansa shi ne Sidi Tayeb Ben Mohamed as-Saqafi, wanda aka fi sani da Soufiani, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin fitattun mutanen Tijaniyya kuma ɗaya daga cikin sahabban Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī na kusa. An san shi da nagarta, albarka, karamci da kuma tsananin ƙaunar da yake yi wa shaykhin. A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin masu ɗauke da Littafin Allah, ya sami matsayi mai muhimmanci a ƙwaƙwalwar ruhaniya ta ɗarikar.

Rayuwar Farko

An haife shi a Fas, inda ya taso kuma ya sami karatunsa na farko. Yana daga cikin waɗanda suka haddace Alƙur’ani. Ko da yake ba a fi saninsa da shiga kowane fanni na ilimin zahiri kamar yadda wasu manyan malamai suka yi ba, an san shi da falala, ikhlasi da matsayi na ruhaniya.

Dalilin Da Aka Ce Masa “Soufiani”

A cewar Ahmed Skiredj, sunan Soufiani ba yana nufin cewa kai tsaye yana daga cikin iyalan Soufiani da suka zauna a Fas ba. A’a, ya samo asali ne daga cewa kakansa Moulay Ahmed ya taso ne ƙarƙashin kulawar waliyyi Sidi al-Hassan Ben Ibrahim as-Soufiani, wanda ya rasu a shekara ta 1098 bayan Hijira.

Wannan waliyyi yana da zawiya da mabiyansa sanannu a Fas da yankunanta, abin da ya sa iyalin suka shahara da wannan suna.

Asali

Asalinsa mai daraja an ɗauke shi a matsayin sananne kuma tabbatacce. Marubutan da suka rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa sun jingina silsilarsa zuwa Moulay Idris ɗan Idris ɗan Abdallah al-Kamil ɗan al-Hasan al-Muthanna ɗan al-Hasan as-Sibt ɗan Ali da Fatima, ‘yar Annabi.

Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī da kansa ya ba da shaida ga sahihancin wannan asali nasa mai daraja, kuma ana ganin wannan a matsayin babban matsayi na musamman, musamman saboda girman girmamawar da shaykhin yake yi wa zuriyar Annabi.

Matsayinsa a Wajen Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī

Sidi Tayeb Soufiani yana daga cikin sahabban da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī ya fi ƙauna. Shaykhin yana girmama shi a bainar jama’a, yana yawan tashi tsaye domin tarbarsa, kuma yana nuna masa daraja ta musamman. A wajen almajirai, irin waɗannan alamu ma ana kallonsu a matsayin shaida ga sahihancin asalin mutum mai daraja.

Majiyoyin kuma suna nuna cewa an ba shi cikakken izini na isar da hanya, ko yana gida ko yana tafiya, kuma an ɗauke shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin amintattun almajirai na kusa da shaykhin.

Dalilin Shigarsa Hanyar Tijaniyya

Sidi Tayeb Soufiani bai shiga Tijaniyya a farkon wanzuwarta ba. Kafin haka, ya kasance yana riƙe da wird na hanyar Wazzaniyya, wanda ya karɓa daga shahararren kutub Sidi Ahmed Ben at-Tayyib al-Wazzani, kuma ya zauna da ita kusan shekaru talatin.

Babban sauyin ya zo ne lokacin da yake wucewa ta Masar a hanyarsa ta zuwa aikin hajji. A can ya haɗu da muqaddam Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdelouahed Bennani al-Masri, a gidansa kuma ya ga littafin Jawahir al-Ma‘ani. Yayin da yake karanta shi, ilimin ruhaniya da siraran ma’anonin da ke cikinsa suka motsa shi ƙwarai, kuma ƙauna mai ƙarfi ga hanyar Tijaniyya ta shiga zuciyarsa.

Da ya dawo Fas daga baya ya haɗu da Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī, sai shaykhin ya faɗa masa wasu sirrikan rayuwarsa, har da wani abu da ya faru lokacin da mahaifiyarsa take ɗauke da cikinsa. Wannan ya kawar da shakkunsa gaba ɗaya, ya kuma ƙara masa yaqini, ƙauna da cikakkiyar miƙa kai ga shaykhin.

Wasu Siffofi na Rayuwarsa

A farkon rayuwarsa, Sidi Tayeb Soufiani yana daga cikin attajiran Fas, kuma an san shi da faɗaɗɗen kasuwanci har zuwa Constantine da Aljeriya, tare da yawan gonaki da kadarori.

Daga baya kuma ya shiga wani yanayi na zurfin renon zuciya da barin duniya. Bisa ga majiyoyi, wata rana ya roƙi shaykhin ya yi masa addu’a ya mutu cikin ƙauna gare shi. Sai shaykhin ya ce masa: “Ka shirya kanka don sanya mayafin talauci.” Daga wannan lokaci, sai ya fara rabuwa a hankali da son duniya, ya bar halaye na abin duniya, har ya zama misalin talaucin ruhaniya a gaban Allah.

An kuma san shi sosai da karamci ga zuriyar Annabi, waɗanda yake girmamawa ƙwarai, wani lokaci har yana kashe babban ɓangare na dukiyarsa a kansu. Wannan ya zama muhimmin ɓangare na halayensa da ibadarsa.

Tarbiiyyarsa ta Ruhaniya

Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī ya ba da kulawa ta musamman wajen tarbiyarsa ta ruhaniya. Ya nisantar da shi daga wasu tsofaffin alaƙoƙi domin tarbiyyarsa ta cika a ƙarƙashin kallo guda na ruhaniya. Ruwayoyi da dama da aka adana a cikin majiyoyi suna nuna yadda shaykhin yake lura da halayensa sosai, yana kuma gyara alkiblarsa domin ya kai shi ga balagar ruhaniya mai zurfi.

Aiki

Ana danganta shi da littafin Al-Ifada al-Ahmadiyya li-Murid as-Sa‘ada al-Abadiyya, wani aiki mai alaƙa da gādon Tijaniyya da kuma shiryar da almajirai a hanya.

Rasuwa

Sidi Tayeb Soufiani ya rasu a Fas da tsakar rana ranar Laraba, 6 Jumada al-Thaniya 1259 bayan Hijira.

An binne shi a wajen Bab Ajissa, a Jabal Za‘fran, a gefen hagu idan mutum yana fita. Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī da kansa ya rubuta baitoci da suka nuna ranar rasuwarsa.

Gādo

Sidi Tayeb Soufiani ya bar gādo mai zurfin ruhaniya a ƙwaƙwalwar Tijaniyya. Ana tunawa da shi saboda tsarkakakkiyar ƙaunarsa ga shaykhin, aminci, karamci, hidima ga zuriyar Annabi, da kuma matsayinsa na musamman a cikin mafi kusancin sahabban Sīdī Aḥmad al-Tijānī.

Wasu majiyoyi suna cewa a ƙarshen rayuwarsa an yi masa bushara cewa ba zai mutu ba sai bayan ya sami buɗewar ruhaniya, kuma shi kansa ya ce: “Eh, an ba ni buɗewar.” Wannan ya ƙara tabbatar da hotonsa a matsayin mutum mai ikhlasi, mai albarka kuma mai aminci a hanya.